Australia’s Critical Minerals: What They Are and Why They Matter

On 24 April 2025, Prime Minister Anthony Albanese promised $1.2 billion for a Critical Minerals Strategic Reserve. Here is what critical minerals are and why they matter.

Key Facts

• Pledge: 24 April 2025
• Cost: $1.2 billion
• $1 billion goes through the Critical Minerals Facility
• $185 million for stockpiling and other costs
• First minerals: antimony, gallium and rare earths

What Are Critical Minerals?

Critical minerals are used in batteries, magnets, electronics and defence gear. Lithium, cobalt, nickel and graphite are used in rechargeable batteries.

Rare Earths

Rare earths are used to make strong magnets. The Industry Department says they are used in MRI machines, fighter jets and wind turbines.

The Strategic Reserve

The reserve buys rights to minerals made in Australia and sells them on. The government says it should be working from the second half of 2026.

Update

The Industry Department said in January 2026 the first minerals in the reserve are antimony, gallium and rare earths.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the Critical Minerals Strategic Reserve?

A $1.2 billion government plan to secure key minerals.

Which minerals are in it first?

Antimony, gallium and rare earths.

When will it start?

In the second half of 2026, the government says.

Conclusion

Critical minerals are a big part of Australia’s future.

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